Tuesday , 19 March 2024

Nouriel Roubini: Ignore the Recent Favourable Macroeconomic Data – US Economy to Remain Weak – Here's Why

Recent favourable macroeconomic data has suggested that the U.S. economy could be back on track but the recent uplift in the economy only hides more fundamental problems…[The truth of the matter is that]  US economic growth will remain weak and below trend throughout 2012 as a result of net exports continuing to be a drag and the Fed being unable, in the face of political constraints, [to do enough, soon enough,] to help the economy significantly… [Let me explain more fully why that is going to be the case.] Words: 950

So says Nouriel Roubini  in edited excerpts from his original article* posted at www.project-syndicate.org which Lorimer Wilson, editor of www.munKNEE.com (Your Key to Making Money!), has edited further below for length and clarity – see Editor’s Note at the bottom of the page. (This paragraph must be included in any article re-posting to avoid copyright infringement.)

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Roubini goes on to say, in part:
Macroeconomic indicators for the United States have been better than expected for the last few months:

  • Job creation has picked up.
  • Indicators for manufacturing and services have improved moderately.
  • The housing industry has shown some signs of life.
  • Consumption growth has been relatively resilient.

Despite the favorable data, however, US economic growth will remain weak and below trend throughout 2012. All the recent economic good news is not to be believed [for the good reason]:

  1. US consumers remain income-challenged,
  2. US consumers remain wealth-challenged, and
  3. US consumers remain debt-constrained.
  4. Disposable income has been growing modestly – despite real-wage stagnation – mostly as a result of tax cuts and transfer payments BUT this is not sustainable Eventually, transfer payments will have to be reduced and taxes raised to reduce the fiscal deficit. [Indeed,] recent consumption data are already weakening relative to a couple of months ago, marked by holiday retail sales that were merely passable.
  5. US job growth is still too mediocre to make a dent in the overall unemployment rate and on labor income. The U.S. needs to create at least 150,000 jobs per month on a consistent basis just to stabilize the unemployment rate. More than 40 percent of the unemployed are now long-term unemployed, which reduces their chances of ever regaining a decent job. Indeed, firms are still trying to find ways to slash labor costs.
  6. Rising income inequality will also constrain consumption growth, as income shares shift from those with a higher marginal propensity to spend (workers and the less wealthy) to those with a higher marginal propensity to save (corporate firms and wealthy households).
  7. The recent bounce in investment spending (and housing) will end, with bleak prospects for 2012, as tax benefits expire, firms wait out so-called “tail risks” (low-probability, high-impact events), and insufficient final demand holds down capacity-utilization rates. And most capital spending will continue to be devoted to labour-saving technologies, again implying limited job creation.
  8. The housing sector is comatose, even after six years of a housing recession. With demand for new homes having fallen by 80 percent relative to the peak, the downward price adjustment is likely to continue [throughout] 2012 as the supply of new and existing homes continues to exceed demand. Up to 40 percent of households with a mortgage – 20 million – could end up with negative equity in their homes. Thus, the vicious cycle of foreclosures and lower prices, is likely to continue – and, with so many households severely credit-constrained, consumer confidence, while improving, will remain weak.

Given anemic growth in domestic demand, America’s only chance to move closer to its potential growth rate would be to reduce its large trade deficit but net exports will be a drag on growth in 2012, for several reasons, [namely]:

  1. The dollar would have to weaken further, which is unlikely, because many other central banks have followed the Federal Reserve in additional “quantitative easing,” with the euro likely to remain under downward pressure and China and other emerging-market countries still aggressively intervening to prevent their currencies from rising too fast.
  2. Slower growth in many advanced economies, China, and other emerging markets will mean lower demand for US exports.
  3. Oil prices are likely to remain elevated, given geopolitical risks in the Middle East, keeping the US energy-import bill high.
  4. It is unlikely that US policy will come to the rescue. On the contrary, there will be a significant fiscal drag in 2012, and political gridlock in the run-up to the presidential election in November will prevent the authorities from addressing long-term fiscal issues.

Given the bearish outlook for US economic growth: the Fed can be expected to engage in another round of quantitative easing although, because the Fed also faces political constraints, they will do too little, and move too late, to help the economy significantly…

  • a recession caused by too much debt and leverage (first in the private sector, and then on public balance sheets) will require a long period of deleveraging – spending less and saving more. This year will be no different, as public-sector deleveraging has barely started. 
  • investors, corporations, and consumers are hyper-cautious given all the tail risks: the eurozone, where debt restructurings – or worse, breakup – are risks of systemic consequence; the outcome of the U.S. presidential election; geo-political risks such as the Arab Spring, military confrontation with Iran, instability in Afghanistan and Pakistan, North Korea’s succession, and the leadership transition in China; and the consequences of a global economic slowdown. As a result of these large and small risks, businesses, consumers, and investors have a strong incentive to wait and do little. The problem, of course, is that when enough people wait and don’t act, they heighten the very risks that they are trying to avoid.

*http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/roubini46/English

Copyright: Project-Syndicate, 2011 Nouriel Roubini, a.k.a. “Doctor Doom”, is chairman of Roubini Global Economics and professor of economics at New York University’s Stern School of Business.

Editor’s Note: The above article has been has edited ([ ]), abridged, and reformatted (including the title, some sub-titles and bold/italics emphases) for the sake of clarity and brevity to ensure a fast and easy read. The article’s views and conclusions are unaltered and no personal comments have been included to maintain the integrity of the original article.

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